Show all genes, phenotypes and metabolites for which the QTL profile correlates with that of the query profile above the set cut-off, the query trait is in the first row.
Strongly correlating QTL profiles could indicate common regulation.
Encodes a protein that has peptide:N-glycanase activity in enzymatic assay in heterologous systems (although the activity was not detected in wild-type plants).
Encodes one of the WPP domain-interacting proteins (WIT1/AT5G11390%2C WIT2/AT1G68910) required for RanGAP nuclear envelope association in root tip cells. Ran GTPase plays essential roles in multiple cellular processes%2C including nucleocytoplasmic transport%2C spindle formation%2C and postmitotic nuclear envelope reassembly. The cytoplasmic Ran GTPase activating protein RanGAP is critical to establish a functional RanGTP/RanGDP gradient across the nuclear envelope and is associated with the outer surface of the nuclear envelope in metazoan and higher plant cells. Arabidopsis thaliana RanGAP association with the root tip nuclear envelope requires a family of likely plant-specific nucleoporins combining coiled-coil and transmembrane domains (CC-TMD) and WPP domain-interacting proteins (WIPs). WIT1 and WIT2 have been identified as a second family of CC-TMD proteins%2C structurally similar%2C yet clearly distinct from the WIP family%2C that is required for RanGAP nuclear envelop association in root tip cells.
Encodes a BAK1-interacting receptor-like kinase named BIR1. Negatively regulates multiple plant resistance signaling pathways%2C one of which is the SOBIR1(AT2G31880)-dependent pathway.
A high molecular weight GTPase whose GTP-binding domain shows a low homology to those of other plant dynamin-like proteins.Contains a pleckstrin homologous domain. DRP2B and DRP1A participate together in clathrin-coated vesicle formation during endocytosis.
Protein of unknown function (DUF668)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF668 (InterPro:IPR007700)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF3475 (InterPro:IPR021864)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF668) (TAIR:AT1G34320.1)%3B Has 465 Blast hits to 399 proteins in 71 species: Archae - 2%3B Bacteria - 14%3B Metazoa - 66%3B Fungi - 16%3B Plants - 336%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 31 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes AMSH3%2C a deubiquitinating enzyme that hydrolyzes K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Required for intracellular trafficking and vacuole biogenesis.
Contains two ring finger domains and one ZZ domain. Week similarity to yeast Rad18p. Putative component of the N-end rule pathway (ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis).
hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: DNA binding (TAIR:AT3G52170.2)%3B Has 3902 Blast hits to 1819 proteins in 361 species: Archae - 22%3B Bacteria - 590%3B Metazoa - 772%3B Fungi - 625%3B Plants - 211%3B Viruses - 44%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1638 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes phospholipase D alpha 1 (PLD alpha 1). Positive regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) mediated stomatal movements. PLD alpha 1 plays an important role in seed deterioration and aging in Arabidopsis.
Encodes a cellulose synthase isomer. CESA3 mutants have cellulose defect in the primary cell wall. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that CESA3%2C along with CESA1 and CESA6 are present in the same plasma membrane complex for cellulose biosynthesis. As inferred from the null role of secondary wall-type CesAs%2C included in a set of five primary wall-type CesAs that may support trichome cell wall thickening. The xylem cells in primary root have reduced cell expansion and higher than normal lignification.
Encodes a DCAF protein. Mutants are defective in lateral root development and suggest roles for DDB1%C2%ADCul4%E2%80%93mediated protein degradation in regulating auxin accumulation during lateral root primordium development and lateral root meristem emergence.
Encodes a P1B-type ATPases that is localized to the chloroplast envelope and is involved in the transport of Cu into chloroplasts. It is essential for growth under high light conditions.
A/N-InvA is a neutral invertase that breaks sucrose down into fructose and glucose. It is member of the larger family of alkaline/neutral invertases (GH100). GFP-tagged A/N-InvA localizes to the mitochondria. atinva mutants have reduced root growth%2C reduced invertase activity%2C and increased expression of antioxidant genes under basal conditions. The levels of A/N-InvA transcripts rise in response to a hydrogen peroxide treatment.
Encodes a protein with an ankyrin motif and transmembrane domains that is involved in salt tolerance. Expressed throughout the plant and localized to the plasma membrane. Loss of function mutations show an increased tolerance to salt based on assaying seedling growth in the presence of salt. In the mutants%2C induction of genes required for production of reactive oxygen species is reduced suggesting that itn1 promotes ROS production. It interacts with RCN1 in vivo and may regulate its subcellular localization.
Protein of unknown function (DUF300)%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 14 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF300 (InterPro:IPR005178)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF300) (TAIR:AT1G77220.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a mitochondrial half-molecule ABC transporter%2C a member of ATM subfamily. Mutants are dwarfed%2C chlorotic plants with altered leaf morphology. ATM3 transcription is induced by Cd(II) or Pb(II). Involved in heavy metal resistance. Arabidopsis thaliana has three ATM genes%2C namely ATM1%2C ATM2 and ATM3. Only ATM3 has an important function for plant growth. Role in Moco biosynthesis.
Encodes an active Arabidopsis isopropylmalate synthase IPMS1. Involved in leucine biosynthesis. Do not participate in the chain elongation of glucosinolates. Expressed constitutively throughout the plant. Loss of IPMS1 can be compensated by a second isopropylmalate synthase gene IPMS2 (At1g74040).
encodes a SNF1-related protein kinase that physically interacts with SCF subunit SKP1/ASK1 and 20S proteosome subunit PAD1. It has also been shown to interact with the WD protein PDL1.
U-box domain-containing protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: ubiquitin-protein ligase activity%2C protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%2C protein ubiquitination%2C response to stress%3B LOCATED IN: ubiquitin ligase complex%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: UspA (InterPro:IPR006016)%2C Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C U box domain (InterPro:IPR003613)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: U-box domain-containing protein kinase family protein (TAIR:AT2G19410.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Phosphoinositide kinase which undergo autophosphorylation and phosphorylate serine/threonine residues of protein substrates. Contains phosphoinositide 3/4-kinase and ubiquitin-like domains. Phosphorylates PUFD1 and RPN10 in vitro.
Protein phosphatase 2C family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: phosphoprotein phosphatase activity%2C catalytic activity%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein phosphatase 2C-related (InterPro:IPR001932)%2C Sporulation stage II%2C protein E C-terminal (InterPro:IPR010822)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein phosphatase 2C family protein (TAIR:AT5G66720.1)%3B Has 838 Blast hits to 828 proteins in 210 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 2%3B Metazoa - 184%3B Fungi - 235%3B Plants - 232%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 185 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a nuclear protein that is expressed rhythmically and interacts with phytochrome B to control plant development and flowering through a signal transduction pathway. Required component of the core circadian clock regardless of light conditions.
Encodes a member of the myb family of transcription factors (MYB33)%2C contains Pfam profile: PF00249 myb DNA-binding domain. Double mutants with MYB65 are male sterile- anthers are small%2C pollen development is defective. Spatial expression appears to be under the control of miR159%2C contains a target site for this micro RNA. When the target site is mutated %2C expression is detected in leaves%2C roots%2C anther filament%2C pistil. The expression of a translational fusion is specific to anther locules in contrast to constructs lacking the miR159 target site. Phenotype is conditional and can be restored by lower temperature or higher light intensity.
encodes a 3beta-hydroxy sterol UDP-glucosyltransferase. ugt80a2 mutant plants have reduced steryl glycoside and acyl steryl glycoside levels and reduced seed size. ugt80a2/b1 double mutants have normal levels of celluose and normal cold stress tolerance.
encodes a member of F-box proteins that includes two other proteins in Arabidopsis (ZTL and FKF1). These proteins contain a unique structure containing a PAS domain at their N-terminus%2C an F-box motif%2C and 6 kelch repeats at their C-terminus. Overexpression results in arrhythmic phenotypes for a number of circadian clock outputs in both constant light and constant darkness%2C long hypocotyls under multiple fluences of both red and blue light%2C and a loss of photoperiodic control of flowering time. Although this the expression of this gene itself is not regulated by circadian clock%2C it physically interacts with Dof transcription factors that are transcriptionally regulated by circadian rhythm. LKP2 interacts with Di19%2C CO/COL family proteins.
Encodes a pollen-specific transcription factor involved in the expression of nuclear genes for components of mitochondrial complex I in Arabidopsis. Acts in concert with other type-B ARRs in the cytokinin signaling pathway. AHK3 mediates cytokinin-induced phosphorylation of ARR2 on the Asp-80 residue. This phosphorylation plays a positive role of ARR2 in cytokinin-mediated control of leaf longevity. Also involved in cytokinin-dependent inhibition of hypocotyl elongation.
Encodes a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor AtbZIP10. AtbZIP10 shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It binds consensus G- and C-box DNA sequences. AtbZIP10 acts antagonistically with LSD1 in both pathogen-induced hypersensitive response and basal defense responses.
Encodes a putative CAM binding transcription factor. Loss of function mutations show enhanced resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens suggesting that CAMTA functions to suppress defense responses.
A member of EXO70 gene family%2C putative exocyst subunits%2C conserved in land plants. Arabidopsis thaliana contains 23 putative EXO70 genes%2C which can be classified into eight clusters on the phylogenetic tree.
Encodes a member of the SPA (suppressor of phyA-105) protein family (SPA1-SPA4). SPA proteins contain an N-terminal serine/threonine kinase-like motif followed by a coiled-coil structure and a C-terminal WD-repeat domain. SPA1 is a PHYA signaling intermediate%2C putative regulator of PHYA signaling pathway. Light responsive repressor of photomorphogenesis. Involved in regulating circadian rhythms and flowering time in plants. Under constant light%2C the abundance of SPA1 protein exhibited circadian regulation%2C whereas under constant darkness%2C SPA1 protein levels remained unchanged. In addition%2C the spa1-3 mutation slightly shortened circadian period of CCA1%2C TOC1/PRR1 and SPA1 transcript accumulation under constant light.
Encodes a protein that interacts with the 26S proteasome. Mutants are phenotypically indistinguishable from wild type plants under a variety of growth conditions. Protein levels increase upon exposure of seedlings to MG132%2C a specific%2C potent%2C reversible%2C and cell-permeable proteasome inhibitor.
unfertilized embryo sac 2 (UNE2)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Major facilitator superfamily (InterPro:IPR020846)%2C Major facilitator superfamily MFS-1 (InterPro:IPR011701)%2C Major facilitator superfamily%2C general substrate transporter (InterPro:IPR016196)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Major facilitator superfamily protein (TAIR:AT5G10190.1)%3B Has 16910 Blast hits to 16851 proteins in 2099 species: Archae - 450%3B Bacteria - 14339%3B Metazoa - 386%3B Fungi - 319%3B Plants - 340%3B Viruses - 3%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1073 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes HCF173%2C a protein with weak similarities to the superfamily of the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases. HCF173 is involved in the initiation of translation of the psbA mRNA. Mutants shows a high chlorophyll fluorescence phenotype (hcf) and are severely affected in the accumulation of PSII subunits. The protein HCF173 is localized in the chloroplast%2C where it is mainly associated with the membrane system and is part of a higher molecular weight complex with psbA mRNA as a component of this complex.
Protein of unknown function (DUF288)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: cell wall%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF288 (InterPro:IPR005049)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF288) (TAIR:AT2G41770.1)%3B Has 197 Blast hits to 197 proteins in 30 species: Archae - 2%3B Bacteria - 9%3B Metazoa - 50%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 63%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 73 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein localized primarily in the plasma membrane of the longitudinal sides of root cells. Necessary for oriented cell expansion in Arabidopsis. Cob mutants have abnormal roots that expand radially rather than longitudinally under certain growth conditions.
Encodes molybdenum cofactor sulfurase. Involved in Moco biosynthesis. Involved in the conversion of ABA-aldehyde to ABA%2C the last step of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. %3Ci%3Esir%3C/i%3E loss-of-function mutants are resistant to sirtinol%2C a modulator of auxin signaling.N terminal domain is similar to bacterial NifS suggesting a common mechanism for sulphur mobilization and transfer. Also involved in protein import into chloroplasts.
Regulator of expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Participates in signal transduction pathways involved in plant defense (systemic acquired resistance -SAR).
Encodes a exoribonuclease involved in rRNA processing in mitochondria and chloroplasts.Loss of function mutations are pale green and require supplementation with sucrose for germination and early development. Plants are pale green due to defects in chloroplast biogenesis.
Encodes a eukaryotic release factor 1 homolog. Cosuppression of the gene's expression results affects cell elongation of the inflorescence stem%2C specifically the internodes%2C and radial cell division. Expression of the protein is primarily observed in the vascular system and in actively growing and elongating zones.
Encodes a chloroplast-localized hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate (HMBPP) synthase (HDS)%2C catalyzes the formation of HMBPP from 2-C-methyl-D-erythrytol 2%2C4-cyclodiphosphate (MEcPP). The HDS enzyme controls the penultimate steps of the biosynthesis of IPP and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) via the MEP pathway and may serve as a metabolic control point for SA-mediated disease resistance. In the light%2C the electrons required for the reaction catalyzed by HDS are directly provided by the electron flow from photosynthesis via ferredoxin. In the dark however%2C the enzyme requires an electron shuttle: ferredoxin-NADP%3Csup%3E+%3C/sup%3E reductase.
Encodes a protein with similarity to acyl-CoA dehydrogenases. Mutations in IBR3 render plants resistant to indole-3-butryic acid%2C a putative storage form of the biologically active auxin IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). IBR3 is hypothesized to carry out the second step in a %26#946%3B-oxidation-like process of IBA metabolism in Arabidopsis. Though its subcellular location has not been determined%2C IBR3 has a peroxisomal targeting sequence and two other putative IBA metabolic enzymes (IBR1 and IBR10) can be found in this organelle. No specific enzymatic activity has been documented for IBR3%2C but double mutant analyses with CHY1 argue against a role for IBR3 in general fatty acid %26#946%3B-oxidation.
Encodes a member of the MATH-BTB domain proteins (BPMs) that directly interact with and target for proteasomal degradation the class I homeobox-leucine zipper (HD-ZIP) transcription factor ATHB6. Known members include AT5G19000 (BPM1)%2C AT3G06190 (BPM2)%2C AT2G39760 (BPM3)%2C AT3G03740 (BPM4)%2C AT5G21010 (BPM5) and AT3G43700 (BPM6).
Encodes CDKC%3B2%2C part of a CDKC kinase complex that is targeted by Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) for transcriptional activation of viral genes. Also regulates plant growth and development. Co-localizes with spliceosomal components in a manner dependent on the transcriptional status of the cells and on CDKC2-kinase activity. Expression of CDKC2 modifies the location of spliceosomal components.
Encodes a protein kinase SRPK4 that specifically targets Arabidopsis Ser/Arg-rich (SR) slicing factors involved in RNA metabolism. In vitro kinase assay showed that SRPK4 phosphorylates the SR protein RSp31.
Encodes a histone deacetylase that enhances AtERF7-mediated transcriptional repression. Binds SIM3 and ERF7. Expressed in the nucleus in most tissues examined and throughout the life of the plant. Involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene dependent pathogen resistance. The sequence in GenBank has 17 AG dinucleotide repeats missing%2C which is also missing in Ler shotgun sequence from Cereon. Although it is annotated to be in Columbia%2C the GB sequence is probably not of Columbia origin. Plays a role in embryogenesis as mutants grown at higher temperatures display abnormalities in the organization of the root and shoot. Plant lines expressing an RNAi construct targeted against HDA19 shows some resistance to agrobacterium-mediated root transformation.
Encodes a cytoplasmic Rab escort protein that preferentially binds the GDP-bound form of Rab and stimulates geranylgeranylation of various Rab GTPases in Arabidopsis extracts in vitro.
Encodes a WWE domain-containing protein with 76%25 similarity to RCD1. The protein also contains a PARP signature upstream of the C-terminal protein interaction domain. The PARP signature may bind NAD+ and attach the ADP-ribose-moiety from NAD+ to the target molecule. Its presence suggests a role for the protein in ADP ribosylation.
significant sequence similarity to plant and animal cyclin-dependent protein kinases%2C and was classified as an E-type CDK with a SPTAIRE cyclin binding motif in the kinase domain.
FUNCTIONS IN: signal transducer activity%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: cellular_component unknown%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Uncharacterised conserved protein UCP013022 (InterPro:IPR016607)%2C Regulator of G protein signalling (InterPro:IPR000342)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF3550/UPF0682) (TAIR:AT3G03570.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a nuclear PHD finger protein that is functionally redundant with OBE1 and plays an important role in the maintenance and/or establishment of the root and shoot apical meristems.
Encodes SUF4 (SUPPRESSOR of FRI 4)%2C a putative zinc-finger-containing transcription factor that is required for delayed flowering in winter-annual Arabidopsis. suf4 mutations strongly suppress the late-flowering phenotype of FRI (FRIGIDA) mutants. suf4 mutants also show reduced H3K4 trimethylation at FLC (FLOWERING LOCUS C)%2C a floral inhibitor. SUF4 may act to specifically recruit a putative histone H3 methyltransferase EFS (EARLY FLOWERING IN SHORT DAYS) and the PAF1-like complex to the FLC locus.
encodes an ATP-dependent MRP-like ABC transporter able to transport glutathione-conjugates as well as chlorophyll catabolites. The expression of this gene is upregulated by herbicide safeners such as benoxacor and fenclorim.
Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase. ABA signaling component that regulates the ABA-responsive gene expression via ABF4. AtCPK32 has autophosphorylation activity and can phosphorylate ABF4 in vitro
Encodes a protein with little sequence identity with any other protein of known structure or function. Part of this protein shows a 42%25 sequence identity with the C-terminal domain of the 32-kD human thioredoxin-like protein.
Encodes one of two redundant proteins (the other is WAPL2) that are involved in prophase removal of cohesion during meiosis. Double mutants with wapl2 exhibit reduced fertility due to defects in meiosis and also some abnormal embryo development in rare cases where embryos are formed.
Armadillo-repeat containing protein. Involved in leaf and flower development. Located in nucleus. Broadly expressed throughout vegetative and floral tissues.
Encodes one of two Arabidopsis type-I DNA topoisomerase I genes. Reducing the level of expression of this gene in a top1alpha (At5g55300) mutant background causes seedling lethality.
This gene is predicted to encode a protein that functions as a Golgi apparatus structural component%2C known as a golgin in mammals and yeast. A fluorescently-tagged version of CASP co-localizes with Golgi markers%2C and this localization appears to require the C-terminal (565%E2%80%93689aa) portion of the protein. The protein is inserted into a membrane in a type II orientation.
Regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Regulator of chromosome condensation/beta-lactamase-inhibitor protein II (InterPro:IPR009091)%2C Regulator of chromosome condensation%2C RCC1 (InterPro:IPR000408)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) family protein (TAIR:AT3G15430.2)%3B Has 17367 Blast hits to 5203 proteins in 406 species: Archae - 82%3B Bacteria - 2003%3B Metazoa - 7050%3B Fungi - 936%3B Plants - 2608%3B Viruses - 2%3B Other Eukaryotes - 4686 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein that is predicted to act as a 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) 5-kinase based on its homology to Fab1 from yeast. It contains an FYVE domain required for binding to PtdIns3P-containing membranes in yeast%2C as well as a Cpn60_TCP1 homology domain plus a kinase domain. fab1a/fab1b pollen grains not viable and have defective vacuolar organization. FAB1A and FAB1B complement the enlarged vacuolar phenotype of the fission yeast ste12delta mutant.
CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Munc13 homology 1 (InterPro:IPR014770)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF810 (InterPro:IPR008528)%2C Mammalian uncoordinated homology 13%2C domain 2 (InterPro:IPR014772)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF810) (TAIR:AT2G25800.1)%3B Has 170 Blast hits to 161 proteins in 22 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 164%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 6 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes an ABC1-like protein%2C member of the ATH subfamily%3B putative ABC transporter%3B isolated by functional complementation of a yeast abc1 mutant
Protein of unknown function%2C DUF593%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF593 (InterPro:IPR007656)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function%2C DUF593 (TAIR:AT5G06560.1)%3B Has 665 Blast hits to 623 proteins in 106 species: Archae - 4%3B Bacteria - 38%3B Metazoa - 138%3B Fungi - 31%3B Plants - 334%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 120 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes an Atg8-interacting protein that is partially associated with the ER during favorable growth conditions and becomes mainly associated with a spherical compartment that dynamically moves along the ER network. In stress induced plants%2C ATI1 is localized to a novel plastid associated bodies that are transported to vesicles%2C in what appears to be an autophagy dependent process. ATI1 interacts with number of other plastid proteins such as NPQ4 and APE1.
Encodes a member of the SPA (suppressor of phyA-105) protein family (SPA1-SPA4). SPA proteins contain an N-terminal serine/threonine kinase-like motif followed by a coiled-coil structure and a C-terminal WD-repeat domain. SPA proteins function redundantly in suppressing photomorphogenesis in dark- and light-grown seedlings. SPA3 (and SPA4) predominantly regulates elongation growth in adult plants.
Homologous to the RAF family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Negative regulator in the ethylene signal transduction pathway. Interacts with the putative ethylene receptors ETR1 and ERS. Constitutively expressed.
Encodes a member of TAP subfamily of ABC transporters that is located in the vacuole. Mutants are hypersensitive to aluminum and the gene product may be important for intracellular movement of some substrate%2C possibly chelated Al%2C as part of a mechanism of aluminum sequestration.
Protein of unknown function (DUF668)%3B INVOLVED IN: N-terminal protein myristoylation%3B LOCATED IN: mitochondrion%2C plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: cultured cell%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF668 (InterPro:IPR007700)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF3475 (InterPro:IPR021864)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF668) (TAIR:AT1G34320.1)%3B Has 342 Blast hits to 276 proteins in 24 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 3%3B Fungi - 2%3B Plants - 333%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 4 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes one of two redundant proteins (the other is WAPL1) that are involved in prophase removal of cohesion during meiosis. Double mutants with wapl1 exhibit reduced fertility due to defects in meiosis and also some abnormal embryo development in rare cases where embryos are formed.
Casein kinase II (CK2) catalytic subunit (alpha 1). One known substrate of CK2 is Phytochrome Interacting Factor 1 (PIF1). CK2-mediated phosphorylation enhances the light-induced degradation of PIF1 to promote photomorphogenesis.
Protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: kinase activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: cytosol%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase%2C C-terminal (InterPro:IPR017892)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C AGC-kinase%2C C-terminal (InterPro:IPR000961)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: AGC (cAMP-dependent%2C cGMP-dependent and protein kinase C) kinase family protein (TAIR:AT4G14350.2)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the Squamosa Binding Protein family of transcriptional regulators. SPL7 is expressed highly in roots and appears to play a role in copper homeostasis. Mutants are hypersensitive to copper deficient conditions and display a retarded growth phenotype. SPL7 binds to the promoter of the copper responsive miRNAs miR398b and miR389c.
Encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat domain containing protein that shows sequence similarity to those of transcriptional repressors in other organisms. Involved in mediating effector-triggered immunity.
Binds the carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and functions as a scaffold for RNA processing machineries. Ubiquitously expressed and localize to the nucleus.
Encodes PROTEOLYSIS6 (PRT6)%2C a component of the N-end rule pathway that targets protein degradation through the identity of the amino-terminal residue of specific protein substrates. Another component of the N-end rule pathway is arginyl-tRNA:protein arginyltransferase (ATE). Arabidopsis contains two ATE genes: At5g05700/ATE1%2C At3g11240/ATE2. PRT6 and ATE were shown to regulate seed after-ripening%2C seedling sugar sensitivity%2C seedling lipid breakdown%2C and abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity of germination.
a LAMMER-type protein kinase that co-precipitates with serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins in vitro%2C interaction modulated by phosphorylation of the proteins.
Encodes a chloroplast stroma-localized ribosomal peptide chain release factor that is involved in the light- and stress-dependent regulation of stability of 3' processed petB transcripts to adjust cytochrome b(6) levels. It appears to bind to the 3'-UTR of petB RNA%2C protecting it from 3'-5' exonucleolytic attack. At-prfB3 arose from a gene duplication of At-prfB1.
Zinc metalloprotease pitrilysin subfamily A. Signal peptide degrading enzyme targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts. Expressed only in siliques and flowers
ataxin-2-related%2C similar to SCA2 (GI:1770390) (Homo sapiens)%3B similar to ataxin-2 (GI:3005020) (Mus musculus). Member of a family of PAM2 motif containing proteins.
Encodes a member of the exocyst complex gene family. The exocyst is a protein complex involved in tethering vesicles to the plasma membrane during regulated or polarized secretion.
Protein of unknown function (DUF3741)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF3741 (InterPro:IPR022212)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF3741) (TAIR:AT2G20240.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a basic leucine zipper (B-ZIP) containing protein that interacts with NPR1 to promote expression of salicylic acid induced genes. Binds the ocs-element.
A member of EXO70 gene family%2C putative exocyst subunits%2C conserved in land plants. Arabidopsis thaliana contains 23 putative EXO70 genes%2C which can be classified into eight clusters on the phylogenetic tree.
Encodes a CBL (calcineurin B-like calcium sensor proteins) -interacting serine/threonine protein kinase. Regulates the low-affinity phase of the primary nitrate response.
Encodes a protein belonging to the (ADP-ribosyl)transferase domain-containing subfamily of WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family. Superoxide radicals are necessary and sufficient to propagate cell death or lesion formation in rcd1 mutants. Without stress treatment%2C RCD1 is localized in the nucleus. Under high salt or oxidative stress%2C RCD1 is found not only in the nucleus but also in the cytoplasm.
Encodes the unique second-largest subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II%3B the ortholog of budding yeast RPB2 and a homolog of the E. coli RNA polymerase beta subunit.
CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Defective-in-cullin neddylation protein (InterPro:IPR014764)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF298 (InterPro:IPR005176)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: unknown protein (TAIR:AT3G12760.1)%3B Has 784 Blast hits to 784 proteins in 182 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 480%3B Fungi - 124%3B Plants - 115%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 65 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein with similarity to VRN5 and VIN3.Contains both a fibronectin III and PHD finger domain. VEL1 is a part of a polycomb repressive complex (PRC2) that is involved in epigenetic silencing of the FLC flowering locus.
The At2g32040 gene product has been demonstrated to mediate folate monoglutamate transport involved in tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis. It also mediates transport of antifolates%2C such as methotrexate and aminopterin. The gene is expressed in both chloroplast and non-green plastids.
Encodes a protein that is homologous to Cog7%2C a subunit of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex%2C which is required for the normal morphology and function of the Golgi apparatus. It is likely to be involved in transport or retention of Golgi-localized proteins and in maintenance of Golgi morphology.
Encodes a putative activator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. Promotes exit from the cell cycle and entry into the endocycle leading to endoreduplication. Mutation of this gene results in abnormal shoot apical meristem development. It likely regulates the development of meristems by indirectly interacting with WUS and CLV3.
Encodes a protein that is predicted to act as a phosphatidylinositol-3P 5-kinase%2C but%2C because it lacks a FYVE domain%2C it is unlikely to be efficiently targeted to membranes containing the proposed phosphatidylinositol-3P substrate. Therefore%2C its molecular function remains unknown.
Encodes a protein with UTP:sugar 1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity%2C which has been shown to use a wide range of substrates including glucose-1-P%2C galactose-1-P%2C xylose-1-P%2C arabinose-1-P and glucuronate-1-P. The enzyme was shown to require Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity. Mutations in USP can lead to a complete loss of male fertility.
Encodes a type-I DNA topoisomerase I. Disruptions in this gene affect phyllotaxis and plant architecture suggesting that the gene plays a critical role in the maintenance of a regular pattern of organ initiation. Isolated as a protein oxidized during seed germination%3B proteomics approach revealed differences in de novo synthesis levels of this protein in condition with vs. without salicylic acid in the period from 0 to 40 hrs. following seed imbibition. Functions in stem cell maintenance at all stages of shoot and floral meristems and in the regulation of gene silencing.
One of three genes encoding phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit A%3B Recessive ethylene-response mutant EER1 displays increased ethylene sensitivity in the hypocotyl and stem
Member of the R2R3-MYB gene family. Similar to GA-induced Barley myb gene. May be induced during germination in response to GA. Double mutants with MYB33 are male sterile%2C showing defects in pollen development and anther development. Contains a binding site for miRNA159 and may be spatially regulated by this micro RNA. The male sterile phenotype of the MYB33/MYB65 double mutant is light and temperature sensitive. Fertility can be restored with increased light intensity and lower temperatures.
Putative serine esterase family protein%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: mitochondrion%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF3657 (InterPro:IPR022122)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF676%2C hydrolase-like (InterPro:IPR007751)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Putative serine esterase family protein (TAIR:AT1G58350.2)%3B Has 480 Blast hits to 383 proteins in 96 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 283%3B Fungi - 2%3B Plants - 87%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 108 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a transcription factor%2C TFIIB1%2C that plays important roles in pollen tube growth%2C guidance%2C and reception as well as endosperm development and is partially functionally different from AtTFIIB2 and AtTFIIB3/AtpBRP2.
vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog 1 (VPS28-1)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Vacuolar protein sorting-associated%2C VPS28%2C N-terminal (InterPro:IPR017898)%2C Vacuolar protein sorting-associated%2C VPS28%2C C-terminal (InterPro:IPR017899)%2C Vacuolar protein sorting-associated%2C VPS28 (InterPro:IPR007143)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VPS28 family protein (TAIR:AT4G05000.2)%3B Has 388 Blast hits to 387 proteins in 178 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 133%3B Fungi - 146%3B Plants - 72%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 37 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the GRAS family of transcription factors. The protein interacts with the TGA2 transcription factor and affects the transcription of stress-responsive genes. The protein is found in the nucleus and is also exported to the cytoplasm.
Protein of unknown function (DUF2296)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF2296 (InterPro:IPR019273)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF2296) (TAIR:AT2G24330.1)%3B Has 339 Blast hits to 333 proteins in 132 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 140%3B Fungi - 115%3B Plants - 80%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 4 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a chloroplast division factor located in the plastid inner envelope with its N-terminus exposed to the stroma. PARC6 influences FtsZ assembly and is required for recruitment of PDV1 during chloroplast division.
kinase associated protein phosphatase composed of three domains: an amino-terminal signal anchor%2C a kinase interaction (KI) domain%2C and a type 2C protein phosphatase catalytic region
F-box family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: F-box domain%2C Skp2-like (InterPro:IPR022364)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: F-box family protein (TAIR:AT4G18380.2)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes an enzyme putatively involved in trehalose biosynthesis. Though the protein has both trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS)-like and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP)-like domains%2C neither activity has been detected in enzymatic assays nor has the protein been able to complement yeast TPS or TPP mutants.
Encodes a member of the exocyst complex gene family. The exocyst is a protein complex involved in tethering vesicles to the plasma membrane during regulated or polarized secretion.
Drought-responsive family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Drought induced 19/ RING finger protein 114 (InterPro:IPR008598)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Drought-responsive family protein (TAIR:AT5G49230.1)%3B Has 246 Blast hits to 246 proteins in 23 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 6%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 240%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
A member of ARF GAP domain (AGD)%2C A thaliana has 15 members%2C grouped into four classes. AGD4 belongs to the Class 1%2C together with AGD1%2C AGD2%2C and AGD3.
Encodes a protein that interacts with the Polycomb-group (Pc-G) histone methyltransferase CLF (CURLY LEAF). It colocalizes with CLF to the nucleus and represses a subset of Pc-G target genes. The pleiotropic developmental mutant phenotype suggests that BLI prevents premature differentiation.
Encodes an enzyme with histone acetyltransferase activity that can use both H3 and H4 histones as substrates. No single prior lysine acetylation is sufficient to block HAC5 acetylation of the H3 or H4 peptides%2C suggesting that HAC5 can acetylate any of several lysines present in the peptides. Di-acetylation of both lysines 9 and 14 on the H3 peptide significantly reduces the level of incorporated radioactive acetylation catalyzed by HAC5%2C indicating that HAC5 may acetylate either lysine 9 or lysine 14.
Encodes a dynamin-like protein that is involved in mitochondrial morphogenesis and pollen development. Protein is localized as speckles in the cytoplasm%2C partially co-localizes with mitochondrial markers%2C cell plate of dividing cells%2C and the tip of root hairs%2C root cap cells%2C and expanding part of trichoblasts.
Protein of unknown function%2C transmembrane-40%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function%2C transmembrane-40 (InterPro:IPR018781)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function%2C transmembrane-40 (TAIR:AT3G05010.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Polyketide cyclase/dehydrase and lipid transport superfamily protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Lipid-binding START (InterPro:IPR002913)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Polyketide cyclase/dehydrase and lipid transport superfamily protein (TAIR:AT1G64720.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a N-acetyl glucosamine transferase that may glycosylate other molecules involved in GA signaling. Contains a tetratricopeptide repeat region%2C and a novel carboxy-terminal region. SPY acts as both a repressor of GA responses and as a positive regulation of cytokinin signalling. SPY may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress.
"The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications) occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification)." [GOC:go_curators]
1.44e-09
protein metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general. Includes protein modification." [GOC:ma]
1.44e-09
cellular protein metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification." [GOC:jl]
1.92e-09
macromolecule modification
biological_process
"The covalent alteration of one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule, resulting in a change in its properties." [GOC:go_curators]
4.93e-08
cytosol
cellular_component
"The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes." [GOC:hgd, GOC:jl]
2.37e-07
protein binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules)." [GOC:go_curators]
1.15e-06
phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid." [GOC:ai]
1.15e-06
phosphorus metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4)." [GOC:ai]
1.46e-06
protein kinase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN]
8.23e-06
multicellular organismal development
biological_process
"The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]
8.32e-06
nucleus
cellular_component
"A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators]
1.76e-05
binding
molecular_function
"The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule." [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]
6.32e-05
developmental process
biological_process
"A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition." [GOC:isa_complete]
6.89e-05
vesicle-mediated transport
biological_process
"A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah, ISBN:08789310662000]
8.93e-05
ATP binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732]
1.39e-04
protein phosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb]
1.65e-04
exocyst
cellular_component
"A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals." [PMID:9700152]
1.80e-04
transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
1.80e-04
mRNA processing
biological_process
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah]
2.71e-04
phosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732]
3.01e-04
cellular localization
biological_process
"A localization process that takes place at the cellular level; as a result of a cellular localization process, a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah]
3.33e-04
localization
biological_process
"Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to or maintained in a specific location." [GOC:ai]
3.60e-04
zinc ion binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions." [GOC:ai]
6.26e-04
post-embryonic development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development." [GOC:go_curators]
7.03e-04
kinase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732]
7.03e-04
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]
7.07e-04
response to stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism." [GOC:ai, GOC:bf]
1.04e-03
developmental process involved in reproduction
biological_process
"A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete]
1.04e-03
reproductive process
biological_process
"A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete]
1.04e-03
growth
biological_process
"The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma]
1.04e-03
protein localization
biological_process
"Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:ai]
1.23e-03
reproductive structure development
biological_process
"The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:jid]
1.40e-03
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [GOC:bf]
1.54e-03
peroxisome organization
biological_process
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:mah]
1.54e-03
regulation of growth
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development." [GOC:ems, GOC:mah]
1.54e-03
Golgi vesicle transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, PMID:10219233]
1.54e-03
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein." [GOC:go_curators]
1.70e-03
response to metal ion
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]
1.70e-03
ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the active transport of a substance across a membrane." [EC:3.6.1.3, GOC:jl]
2.33e-03
organic substance transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of organic substances into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic substance is a molecular entity that contains carbon." [CHEBI:50860, GOC:mah]
2.50e-03
vacuole organization
biological_process
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole." [GOC:mah]
2.59e-03
positive regulation of cellular process
biological_process
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:jid]
2.69e-03
chromosome organization
biological_process
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information. This term covers covalent modifications at the molecular level as well as spatial relationships among the major components of a chromosome." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
2.69e-03
stomatal movement
biological_process
"The process of opening or closing of stomata, which is directly related to the stomatal conductance (measuring rate of passage of either water vapor or carbon dioxide (CO2) through stomata)." [GOC:sm]
3.35e-03
nucleotide binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684]
3.65e-03
nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
biological_process
"Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai]
3.65e-03
protein ubiquitination
biological_process
"The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein." [GOC:ai]
4.99e-03
cytoplasm
cellular_component
"All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684]
5.67e-03
defense response, incompatible interaction
biological_process
"A response of a plant to a pathogenic agent that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease." [GOC:lr]
5.67e-03
protein modification by small protein conjugation
biological_process
"A protein modification process in which one or more groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to a target protein." [GOC:mah]
5.67e-03
organ development
biological_process
"Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid]
5.67e-03
photoperiodism, flowering
biological_process
"A change from the vegetative to the reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length. The length of the period of light or dark required to initiate the change is set relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862]
5.67e-03
cellular aromatic compound metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732]
5.80e-03
proteolysis
biological_process
"The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah]
5.94e-03
mRNA metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic 'message', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes." [ISBN:0198506732]
6.36e-03
regulation of metabolic process
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism." [GOC:go_curators]
6.42e-03
nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs in eukaryotic cells." [GOC:krc]
8.10e-03
ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-Ub + Y --> Y-Ub + X, where both X-Ub and Y-Ub are covalent linkages." [GOC:BioGRID, GOC:jh2, PMID:9635407]
8.10e-03
regulation of primary metabolic process
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism." [PMID:19211694]
8.10e-03
protein transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai]
8.16e-03
cellular lipid catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:jl]
8.33e-03
intracellular transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of substances within a cell." [GOC:ai]
8.33e-03
immune response
biological_process
"Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05]
8.90e-03
regulation of stomatal movement
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stomatal movement." [GOC:sm]
8.99e-03
FMN binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb]
9.08e-03
protein dephosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb]
9.69e-03
secretion by cell
biological_process
"The controlled release of a substance by a cell." [GOC:mah]
9.75e-03
photoperiodism
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862]
1.02e-02
rhythmic process
biological_process
"Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism." [GOC:jid]
1.03e-02
plant-type vacuole
cellular_component
"A closed structure that is completely surrounded by a unit membrane, contains liquid, and retains the same shape regardless of cell cycle phase. An example of this structure is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0815316208]
1.04e-02
vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem
biological_process
"The process involved in transforming a meristem that produces vegetative structures, such as leaves, into a meristem that produces reproductive structures, such as a flower or an inflorescence." [GOC:tb]
1.04e-02
phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a phosphatidylinositol, any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol." [ISBN:0198506732]
1.04e-02
exocytosis
biological_process
"A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. This is the process in which most molecules are secreted from eukaryotic cells." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363]
1.09e-02
cellular protein catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:jl]
1.09e-02
response to cadmium ion
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus." [GOC:ai]
1.09e-02
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FAD, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in either the oxidized form, FAD, or the reduced form, FADH2." [CHEBI:24040, GOC:ai, GOC:imk, ISBN:0198506732]
1.09e-02
RNA metabolic process
biological_process
"The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage." [ISBN:0198506732]
1.10e-02
anatomical structure morphogenesis
biological_process
"The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125]
1.11e-02
protein catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds." [GOC:mah]
1.11e-02
innate immune response
biological_process
"Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_15nov05, GOC:mtg_sensu]
1.11e-02
MAP kinase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684]
1.13e-02
circadian rhythm
biological_process
"Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators]
1.15e-02
fatty acid beta-oxidation
biological_process
"A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:FAO-PWY]
1.18e-02
embryo development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu]
1.22e-02
vesicle docking
biological_process
"The initial attachment of a transport vesicle membrane to the target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane. Docking requires only that the two membranes come close enough for these proteins to interact and adhere." [GOC:ai, GOC:jid]
1.22e-02
proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process
biological_process
"The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
1.22e-02
nitrogen compound metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen, including (but not limited to) nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium." [CHEBI:51143, GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]
1.24e-02
immune system process
biological_process
"Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05]
1.28e-02
cell growth
biological_process
"The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present." [GOC:ai]
1.51e-02
root system development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the root system over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:isa_complete]
1.51e-02
phosphatidylinositol metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol." [CHEBI:28874, ISBN:0198506732]
1.51e-02
root development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The root is the water- and mineral-absorbing part of a plant which is usually underground, does not bear leaves, tends to grow downwards and is typically derived from the radicle of the embryo." [GOC:jid, PO:0009005]
1.53e-02
protein deubiquitination
biological_process
"The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein." [GOC:ai]
1.68e-02
vesicle docking involved in exocytosis
biological_process
"The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis." [GOC:jid]
1.73e-02
seed development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A seed is a propagating organ formed in the sexual reproductive cycle of gymnosperms and angiosperms, consisting of a protective coat enclosing an embryo and food reserves." [GOC:jid, PO:0009010]
1.88e-02
cellular protein localization
biological_process
"Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell." [GOC:mah]
1.93e-02
chromatin organization
biological_process
"Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin." [GOC:mah]
1.99e-02
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome." [GOC:go_curators]
1.99e-02
autophagy
biological_process
"The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation." [GOC:autophagy, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404, PMID:9412464]
2.26e-02
cell death
biological_process
"Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as "apoptotic bodies"); and/or (3) its corpse (or its fragments) have been engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
2.26e-02
chromatin modification
biological_process
"The alteration of DNA, protein, or sometimes RNA, in chromatin, which may result in changing the chromatin structure." [GOC:mah, PMID:20404130]
2.43e-02
positive regulation of gene expression
biological_process
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
2.54e-02
protein N-linked glycosylation
biological_process
"A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine, the omega-N of arginine, or the N1' atom peptidyl-tryptophan." [GOC:pr, RESID:AA0151, RESID:AA0156, RESID:AA0327]
2.71e-02
mRNA splicing, via spliceosome
biological_process
"The joining together of exons from one or more primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the excision of intron sequences, via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced." [GOC:krc, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0879695897]
2.74e-02
fruit development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit is a reproductive body of a seed plant." [GOC:sm]
2.74e-02
Cul4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex
cellular_component
"A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul4 family and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an adaptor protein." [PMID:16792691, PMID:18223036, PMID:18552200]
2.92e-02
ligase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the joining of two substances, or two groups within a single molecule, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate." [EC:6, GOC:mah]
2.95e-02
stem cell maintenance
biological_process
"The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types. " [GOC:mah, ISBN:0878932437]
3.25e-02
regulation of developmental process
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult)." [GOC:go_curators]
3.30e-02
plasma membrane
cellular_component
"The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363]
3.41e-02
embryo development ending in seed dormancy
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]
3.41e-02
transcription, DNA-templated
biological_process
"The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH]
3.53e-02
response to salt stress
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:jl]
3.53e-02
cellular macromolecule catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any large molecule including proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:jl]
3.53e-02
lipid metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids." [GOC:ma]
3.56e-02
developmental growth
biological_process
"The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell, where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the organism over time from one condition to another." [GOC:go_curators]
3.56e-02
dephosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule." [ISBN:0198506732]
4.32e-02
sugar mediated signaling pathway
biological_process
"The process in which a change in the level of a mono- or disaccharide such as glucose, fructose or sucrose triggers the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes." [PMID:9014361]
4.59e-02
protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
biological_process
"The process in which a ubiquitin group, or multiple groups, are covalently attached to the target protein, thereby initiating the degradation of that protein." [GOC:go_curators]
4.59e-02
cellular response to salt stress
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:mah]
4.59e-02
RNA processing
biological_process
"Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules." [GOC:mah]
4.67e-02
regulation of developmental growth
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth." [GOC:go_curators]
4.67e-02
cellular response to stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl]
4.67e-02
viral process
biological_process
"A multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant. The other participant is the host. Includes infection of a host cell, replication of the viral genome, and assembly of progeny virus particles. In some cases the viral genetic material may integrate into the host genome and only subsequently, under particular circumstances, 'complete' its life cycle." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
4.67e-02
sister chromatid segregation
biological_process
"The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets." [GOC:ai, GOC:elh]
4.78e-02
regulation of dephosphorylation
biological_process
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule." [GOC:bf]